What is the focus of the "Lexical Approach" in language teaching?

The "Lexical Approach" in language teaching emphasizes the importance of vocabulary and phrases as fundamental components of language acquisition. This approach posits that language is made up of a wide array of lexical items, which include not just single words but also collocations, idioms, and fixed expressions. By focusing on how these lexical chunks are used in context, learners can develop a more natural and fluent command of the language.

Supporting this approach, research in linguistics and language learning suggests that vocabulary is more significant for effective communication than merely mastering grammatical structures. By teaching vocabulary and phrases, learners gain tools to understand and produce language more effectively, leading to enhanced communication skills.

This focus contrasts with teaching traditional grammar rules, which might prioritize syntax and isolated grammar points over the practical use of language. The other options—emphasizing fluency over vocabulary and focusing on syntax—also divert from the primary tenet of the Lexical Approach, which advocates for vocabulary as the cornerstone of language learning.